By Dr. Alexandra Sisam ND | Updated by Birgitta Kautz

Lymphatic System

What is the lymphatic system?

The lymphatic system is part of our immune system. It also has an important transport function in our body and helps to remove waste from the tissues. 

It is composed of lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and lymphatic fluid. Lymphatic organs, such as the spleen, thymus, or tonsils, as well as the bone marrow also belong to the lymphatic system.

What are lymph nodes and where are they located?

Lymph nodes are a vital part of the lymphatic system. They are small, bean-shaped areas that house some of our immune cells. 

When the body encounters pathogens, such as bacteria or viruses, the lymph nodes become active. They send out immune cells through the lymph vessels to defend the body. Once these immune cells reach the site of the infection, they destroy the pathogens which are then removed.

There are around 600 lymph nodes all over the body. They constantly filter the lymph to make sure that no harmful substances enter our bloodstream. 

The nodes are often in groups in specific areas. The mouth is one of the main ways that viral infections and bacterial infections can enter the body. Therefore, there are many nodes around our throats. 

We also have nodes in the groin area, in the armpits, and above and under our collarbone. They are connected to others by the lymph vessels.

Where lymph nodes are located in the body and how many are there?

Swollen lymph nodes are a natural reaction to an acute infection. When the nodes are active and start producing immune cells, they feel swollen. Sometimes they also become tender to touch.

Once the infection is gone and the immune cells are no longer activated, the lymph nodes shrink back to their normal size. This is when they can’t usually be felt.

Constant lymph node swelling should be evaluated for more serious underlying conditions. In particular, if more than one area of the body is affected. This can indicate a body-wide disease, such as an immune system disorder.

Where to check for swollen lymph nodes?

The location of the swollen lymph node is often near the infection in the body. The most common areas are swollen lymph nodes in the neck, ear, and jaw area. 

The immune system locates the infections and then activates the lymph nodes closest to the site of the infection. The goal is to have the immune cells travel the shortest distance possible to get to the infection site.

When you have an acute infection, it is important to check the areas closest to where you feel the symptoms. For example, if you have a sore throat check for swollen lymph nodes under the jaw, the chin, and on the neck. 

If you have an ear infection check the lymph nodes around the ear. If you have a urinary tract infection or bladder infection you could check for swollen lymph nodes in the groin. 

Swollen lymph nodes in the armpits can result from a common viral infection. In some cases, they can be associated with serious conditions including cancer. 

When should you see a doctor for swollen lymph nodes?

Swollen lymph nodes are not bad per se. They are usually a sign that our body is fighting an infection or injury. However, sometimes it is important to get your lymph nodes checked to rule out other underlying causes. 

If a specific node or a group of nodes is chronically swollen, it can indicate a more serious condition. This means that the nodes are always swollen or tender even when there is no sign of infection. 

You should also see your healthcare practitioner if the nodes are hard and immobile, or if the swelling lasts for more than 2 weeks. 

A biopsy may be needed if the enlarged lymph nodes are associated with weight loss, fever, and night sweats.

If your adenoid tonsils (which are full of lymph nodes) become so swollen that they are impacting your ability to speak, swallow, or breathe, you should also go to a doctor.

And lastly, if the acute infection that the body is fighting becomes too intense. This includes a severely high fever, any trouble breathing, loss of consciousness, severe vomiting etc.

What can help with swollen lymph nodes?

One of the reasons for enlarged lymph nodes is an infection. Thus, treating the infection will help to decrease swelling. In addition, drink a lot of water or other fluids such as tea. Also, try to get some extra rest. 

If your nodes are painful, you can use a warm compress such as a heating pad or washcloth. You can also take some OTC pain medication. However, this helps with the pain but does not help shrink your swollen glands.

Remedies that stimulate the lymphatic system can help decrease swelling in the lymph nodes. 

How can I support my lymphatic system?

Some remedies will help to stimulate the lymphatic fluid decreasing congestion and swelling in the system. These remedies are known as lymphatics. 

Some herbal lymphatics include cleavers, marigold (Calendula officinalis), phytolacca, dandelion (Taraxacum officinalis) and red clover. These herbs help to stimulate the lymph flow moving waste products away from areas of inflammation.

Lymphatic remedies can be prepared as herbals and as homeopathic preparations to achieve this function. They act through the lymphatic system to help decrease symptoms of swelling and reduce inflammation. 

You can also support your lymphatic system with dry brushing, a gentle detox, and by doing lots of (gentle!) exercise. Swimming is the best. But running, Nordic walking, or jumping on the trampoline can also support lymphatic system drainage. 

Manual lymphatic drainage massage and compression are another option. Discuss these measures with a lymph specialist. 

There’s a Pascoe Remedy for that!